The sand molding process and the four types of sand casting methods will be identified in this e-Learning module. Three different types of sand-related defects: sand expansion; sand adhesion; and sand strength will be reviewed. Along with in-depth explanations of these defects, possible sand system control measures will be discussed to help avoid these defects. By the end of this e-learning module, you will be able to identify the three different types of sand-related defects and one control measure to implement, per sand-related defect. (0.2 CEU)